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Oregon Caves Historic District
Oregon Caves Historic District covers in the main visitor area of Oregon Caves National Monument in southern Oregon. The district includes four primary buildings plus two other structures. Because of the unique rustic architecture of these National Park Service buildings and the surrounding park landscape, the area was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1992.
== History ==
Elijah Davidson discovered the Oregon Caves in 1874 while bear hunting near Sand Mountain (now renamed Mount Elijah after Davidson). While Native Americans may have known of the caves prior to Davidson’s discovery, no evidence of earlier exploration or use has been found. Thus, Davidson is credited with being the first person to enter the caves.〔("Elijah Davidson's story by Tom Siewert" ), National Park Service, United States Department of Interior, 4 November 2006.〕
In 1907, Joaquin Miller visited the caves. After his visit, he wrote an article that highlighted the cave’s unique beauty. The article gave the caves nationwide exposure. Under authority of the Antiquities Act of 1906, Federal Government ordered a site survey, which was completed in 1908. As a result, of the survey and continued advocacy from Miller and others prominent citizens, the Oregon Caves were designated as a National Monument by President William Howard Taft in 1909.〔("History and Culture" ), National Park Service, United States Department of Interior, 8 November 2007.〕〔Gilbert, Cathy and Marsha Tolon, ("Cultural Landscape Inventory of Oregon Caves National Monument" ), ''Cultural Landscape Report'', National Park Service, United States Department of Interior, Seattle, Washington, Winter 1992.〕
The United States Forest Service was given responsibility for the Oregon Caves National Monument in 1909. Due to the caves remote location the first permanent road to the site was not completed until 1922. In 1934, oversight of the monument passed to the National Park Service. Over the next nine years, the Park Service worked with the Civilian Conservation Corps to develop and landscape the Oregon Caves site to attain the look of a "rustic alpine village" nestled in a mountain canyon. The Park Service’s naturalistic design principles dictated the use of indigenous materials and rustic stone work. Every element was careful set in place to highlight the rugged character of the canyon. Cedar-bark sheathing was used as a unifying design element on all the buildings.〔("Statement of Significance" ), ''Oregon Caves Culture Landscape Report'', National Park Service, United States Department of Interior, 5 February 2002.〕 While some changes have been made to the original structures, the buildings still retain their unique rustic character which is enhanced by the surrounding park landscape. In 1992, of the Oregon Caves National Monument was listed as a historic district on the National Register of Historic Places.〔("Oregon Caves Historic District" ), National Register of Historic Places, www.nationalregisterofhistoricalplaces.com, 4 May 2008.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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